Short+Summary+notes

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=About= What this article is

=Introduction: Permaculture As Response To Disaster=

The Many Serious Problems We Face Now
Future of the world situation will depend on development of decades of bad decisions, that we refuse to reconsider, at the very basis of our society organization To pick only three, financial crisis, global warming and peak oil already started and are at the top of such development. Together, they are expected to bear an explosive global situation with huge economic, ecological, social and human losses from unstable drowning economies and massive social unrests. At first look, these problems looks different, but as soon as one start looking at the cycles of things [cite life of stuff] from an ecological perpective or a scientific non-linear dynamics perspective [//link needed//], these problems appears to caused by the same systemic disorder. When taken separately, each element of our economic system looks rational and logical, but taken together the behavior of the system it is totally insane. The disorder comes from a single misconception that world can be made of elements with no consideration to connections between each other. As this turn to be false, we start to witness the consequences of all these unforeseen consequences, in a butterfly effect[reference] series. Nowadays, we only start to consider that elements should be taken together, even if it is too late to avoid the crash, the only way left is to surf the transition. Future of the world situation will depend on development of decades of bad decisions at the very basis of society organization. To mention only three, peak oil, global warming and financial crisis are at the top of such development. Peak oil is caused by the addiction of our economy and life on oil and our unpreparedness to to its depletion. Peak oil is responsible for current high prices and expected in the near future to further increase oil prices until an unbearable level, with catastrophic economic and social consequences. Global warming is also caused by an addiction of our economy and life, but on all fossil fuels and our inability to reduce significantly the release of CO2 in the atmosphere. Global warming is already responsible for a significant rise in climatic anomalies, with huge economic, social and human losses that hits random places in the world. These anomalies are expected to continue increasing in frequency and in scale especially when CO2 exceeds certain thresholds.

Financial crisis is caused by the addiction of our economy and life on credit or debt based money creation. Financial crisis is already responsible for huge economic losses in 2008 and public bailouts from tax payer money, with long term consequences of public debt increase, low economic growth, massive social cuts, and whole countries drowned in debt. Indirectly caused by this difficult global economic situation, social riots, protests and movement has spread in the world with arab revolutions successful or still going.

Similarly, oil and gaz reserves world production has not been significantly raised for a decade, in spite of demand increase. The problem does not only occur when all that is gone, but as soon as there is not enough left to run the economy, peak oil, and satisfy peoples basic needs. Most probably still denies that there is a problem to have with that, like they denied climatic change. Because since we run into the hard limit of peak oil, continuing to burn these fossil fuels, or worse, burning slower depletion reserves of coal, has already affected the climate much more than in pessimistic predictions.

Current world situation is quite a bad development of decades of bad decisions. No matter his ideological background and political opinion, one can witness accumulating catastrophic measures and statistics announcing a kind of end of the world, we all thought we would only see in movies. Resources at the base of economy are disappearing at a dramatic speed. Fertile soils are the first to disappear very fast. Similarly, oil and gaz reserves world production has not been significantly raised for a decade, in spite of demand increase. The problem does not only occur when all that is gone, but as soon as there is not enough left to run the economy, peak oil, and satisfy peoples basic needs. Most probably still denies that there is a problem to have with that, like they denied climatic change. Because since we run into the hard limit of peak oil, continuing to burn these fossil fuels, or worse, burning slower depletion reserves of coal, has already affected the climate much more than in pessimistic predictions.

How long will the farmers will have left a land, with a normal weather, some gaz for the the truck, and enough fertilizers and pesticides, to continue to produce this half poisoned food we got used to and to pollute underground water and massacre local fauna and flora species ? How long he will be able to pay and get a revenue, and us to pay ? How long before we join the cohort of hunger ? Ecological Diversity

One of the most increasing statistics is hunger. Seven billion people we are now with one billion of us that still lack proper water and nutrition. Such proportions has only been reached through a systematic organisation of a war of hunger. Economies of entire countries, under "free-racket" regulation, are turned to export of raw unedible commodities, and import of final products. Poverty, this systemic violence, is also increasing with disparity between poor and riches.

The whole world economy has been racketed to the point that banks had to find new ways to steal people, with sophisticated financial products, what was discovered and triggered the financial crisis of 2008. Then nations stepped, borrowed money and saved the banks. And now people and states are stuck with overwhelming growing debts and governments of cut spending that choke the economy. Greed, hunger, misery, racket, pollution, poisonong, growth out if control, depletion of essential resources, we are facing serious problems now.

Paradigm Shift Needed
But when they seem at first look as different problems, in reality they are deeply connected, and based on one single misconception of how world works. Most of industry, agriculture, trade and finance practices are based on an incorrect assumption that world is made of disconnected elements, that work against each other. With such assumption, no surprise in mono crops, planned obsolescence, hunger riots and junk bonds. Thus they fail to foresee consequences of their action. A better spiritual, moral and scientific perspective can unfold such chaotic chain of causes and consequences. Bouddhism, altruism but also research in chaos mathematics, psychology and sociology has shown the value of caring for everything in action, the higher value of cooperation compared to competition, that money motivates only repetitive boring tasks, and that the behavior of a whole group or a system is much more that the sum of elements, but chaotic and unpredictible dynamic interaction that self organize in emergent patterns. which can not be grasped by focusing on separated elements and the importance of interaction dynamics. Elements are best combined. At first look, these problems looks different, but as soon as one start simply looking at the cycles of things [cite life of stuff] from an ecological perpective or more scientifically from non-linear dynamics perspective [//link needed//], these problems are caused by the same systemic disorder. When taken separately, each element of our economic system looks rational and logical, but taken together the behavior of the system it is totally insane. The disorder comes from a single misconception that world can be made of elements that has no connection between each other. As this turn to be false, we start to witness the consequences of all these unforeseen consequences, in a butterfly effect[reference] series. Nowadays, we only start to consider that elements should be taken together, but then how to do that ?

How Permaculture Adress That
That's where permaculture hits hard. It shifts to the new paradigm of interactive elements, with a design focus. The goal is simple to build productive systems with a minimum of input and maximum of output and high internal synergy. In practice, it solves all the mentioned world problems. Permaculture is the are of combining element into dynamics. Permaculture propose to build food production systems that first produce their own soil and fertility. by Permaculture systems are self sustained, no machine, oil, fertilizers, pesticide needed. Permaculture combines elements in their best. Permaculture continuous flow production, multiple produce production make the farmer first consumer self-employed and hungerless. Permaculture consumer become producers and producers consumers, no massive distortion of roles Permaculture make designs that anyone can reproduce Permaculture takes from the present to give to the future, the opposite of the debt. You cannot take without giving back. Permaculture make permanent systems with no growth. Debt is not sustainable without growth.

Benefits
Holistic management say to take all aspects in consideration. Permaculture use at the most efficient level possible all available local resources, and combine plants in a very efficient way. Permaculture extends polyculture, multi-cropping, companionship and other existing organic approaches to combining plants, and include soil building and water harvesting in the process. Shift the work to design and establishment. Maintenance of permaculture systems only requires a minimal work load (e,g, 70h per year), and is mostly harvesting. Permaculture feed the farmer with diverse products wich remove the need to work for food. Make people relient. Permaculture produce all parts of each plant as a resource, such as food, medicinal, wood, fuel or fertilizer, and emphasizes their multiple use, e.g. food, construction, forage.

Permaculture system diversity and home of wild life emphesizes harmony, even in imprudent gardener may spread a plant out of control. Ecological role is sound. Permaculture also eliminates the need of many polluting activities, such as water, machine, oil, chemicals, industry. As permaculture propose to build such systems around habitations, it also eliminates the transportation of products. Permaculture also remove the need for using chemicals and the direct harm to bio-diversity and indirectly to ground water and the whole ecosystem. Permaculture has even a natural potential for remediation. Permaculture make organic products better for health.

Permaculture produce designs for all, help propagate the practice and become auto-sufficient, which make social and ethical benefits. In permaculture, the worker is the owner, Permaculture logic of elements mutually beneficial extend to humans. need for companionship and collaborative efforts to affect change. Permaculture make organic products better for people. Permaculture help people and all life to access resources necessary for their existance Permaculture try to help fair share resources. Permaculture focus on turning problems into solutions, opportunities rather than obstacles

Comparison with industrial/conventional and organic

Summary

 * Farming better people - Grounding a permanent world

=Analysis : Nature Works In Layers= Layers

=Design Methods : Applying Pattern To Natural Culture= Application of A Pattern

=Designs and Techniques: Edible Forest Garden=

=Case Studies and Community= Jordan Site Rober Hart

=Topics In Focus=

I - Introduction : When Permaculture Save The World

 * ===Problem : End of Growth===
 * Prior World Conception: (Agriculture and Industry History)
 * Current Situation : Ecological, Energetic and Economic Crisis (Peak Oil - Energy return on Investment )
 * ===**Current Limitations**===
 * Conventional and Organic Agriculture
 * Scientific Agriculture and Natural Sciences
 * Paradigm Shift Needed from Linear to Non-linear
 * ===Permaculture, A Synergetic Response===
 * Central Concepts
 * Origin and History
 * Principle and Strategy Sets
 * ===**Benefits**===
 * Economical, Ecological and Social/Ethical
 * Comparison with industrial/conventional and organic
 * ===**Summary**===
 * Farming better people - Grounding a permanent world

**II - Analysis : How It Works**

 * ===**Generic**===
 * Element Inputs and outputs
 * Flows
 * Patterns
 * ===Ecosystems Structures and Concepts===
 * Layers, Succession, Guilds and Niches
 * Soil Life
 * Flows and Cycles: Water, Energy
 * Human and Animal Centered Zones
 * ===**Ecosystem Configurations**===
 * Urbanity / Density : Urban life, Rural home
 * Climate : Desertic, Mediterranean, Temperate, Tropical
 * Local Conditions : Coast & Island, Salt
 * ===**Ecosystem Elements**===
 * Element Needs (Light, Water, Nutrition),
 * Element Functions : Green manure, Dynamic Accumulator, Natural pest control, Structure, Soil Conditionner
 * Natural forces : Sun (light, heat), Rain, Wind, Fire, Earth (gravity)
 * Plants and Energy Transaction: Vegetables, Cereals, Trees, Algae
 * Animals : Poultry, Livestock, Wild life, Fish
 * Rhizosphere: Worms, Mushrooms & Fungi (Decomposers, Symbiotic and Parasitic), Bacteria

**III - Design Process : What To Do**

 * ===Prepare for Design===
 * Overall Goal
 * Process : Collecting information, Analysis, Site Planning, Establishment, Maintenance and Monitoring, Design Evaluation
 * Tools : Field tools, Survey, Drawing
 * ===Design Strategies and Perspectives===
 * Choice of Elements: Plants, Animals, Soils, Mushrooms & Fungi
 * Design Type : Incremental
 * Stacking in Space and Time
 * ===**Design Main Methods**===
 * Use of Natural Forces : Light, Water, Wind, Ground
 * Application of Concepts or a Master Pattern : Layers, Succession, Niche, Guilds, Soil building, Flows(Water, Nutrient), Zones, Edges
 * Connecting characteristics of components by listing
 * Adopting lessons learnt from nature
 * Extending Flow Diagrams
 * Expanding on direct observations of a site
 * Selection of options or pathways based on decisions
 * Following map overlays
 * Assessing the results of random assemblies
 * Zoning of information and ethics
 * ===**Planning Maintenance**===
 * Goal Assesment
 * Design Functionality
 * Monitor and Control
 * Ecosystem maintenance : Harvest, Preserve, Propagate

**IV - Designs and Techniques : How To Build Productive Systems**

 * ===Farming and Natural Production===
 * Tree Crops: Edible Forest Garden
 * Herbaceous: Raised Beds, Herb Spiral
 * Fauna: Micro-livestock
 * Soil: Composting, Vermi-composting, Sheet Mulching, Instant Garden
 * Natural Forces: Shade Management, Wind, Fire, Earth, Water (Ponds and Dams, Swales, Waterways, Terraces, Earthwork)
 * ===**Specific Contexts and Environments**===
 * Climates: Dry land, Humid land, Cool Climate
 * Urban Settlement: Gardens & Backyard, Vertical Gardens, Balconies & Windows
 * Rural Property
 * Schools & Campus
 * ===Home and Human Habitation===
 * Zones Elements
 * Eco-Construction
 * ===Sustainable Technology===
 * Generate Power: Solar Power (Light, Heat, Mechanic, Electricity), Wind turbines, Compost Heat
 * Use Power: Pumping water, Heating, Cooking,
 * Manufacturing: Food Processing, Open Source Ecology
 * Workshop technology
 * Transportation
 * ===Community Organization===
 * Local Initiatives: Guerilla Gardening, Urban Farming, PermaBlitz, Basket Scheme, Garden Share Scheme, Transition Initiative
 * Community Rules: Common Food, Turn Taking, Decision Meeting
 * Broad Organization :
 * Direct and Inclusive Democracy, Open Government, Occupy, Indignados, Tahrir Square
 * Local Money, Alternative Finance, Fund Raising or Not
 * Non-Violent Political Action, Psychological Relience, Honest Relations



V - Community and Case Studies

 * ===Case Studies===
 * ===People===
 * ===Physical Sites===
 * ===Organizations===
 * ===Books===
 * ===Web Sites===